Rain Falls due to the Blessings and Mercy of Allah

Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani narrated, "The Prophet led us in the Fajr prayer at Hudaybiyah after a rainy night. After completing the prayer, he faced the people and said, "Do you know what your Lord has said (revealed)?" The people replied, Allah and His Messenger know best. He is said, "Allah has said, "In the morning some of My slaves remain true believers and some become non-believers, Whoever says that the rain is due to the Blessings and the Mercy of Allah has belief in Me and disbelief in the stars, and whoever says that it rains because of a particular star has no belief in Me but has belief in that star.

Explanation of the Hadith

The process of rainfall from the clouds is still a mystery for Scientists. All they know is that the earth is the richest planet in the Solar system, in terms of water. The amount of water in the earth is about 1.4 billion cubic kilometers. The greatest amount of water is found in seas and oceans (about 97.2%) while fresh water is the least in amount. Most of this fresh water (about 2,052 to 2.15%) is in the form of huge blocks of ice on the two poles of the earth and on the peaks of mountains. The remaining fresh water is stored in the rocks of the crust of the earth (about 0.27%), fresh water lakes (0.33%) and it also takes the form of humidity diffused within the soil (0.18%), as well as taking the form of diffused humidity in the atmosphere (0.036 %). Running water in rivers and canals constitute the least amount from the preceding (0.0047%).
Allah, the Almighty, has brought this earthly water out from the bottom of the earth by way of volcanic eruptions, and has distributed it and governs its accurate circulation between the earth and the air (the atmosphere). It is an accurate cycle that stands against the putridity of water because of the existence of billions of living beings that live and die in water. Surely, it is possible that this cycle of water around the earth to become putrid because of the existence of living, dead and rotting organisms.
Allah's Will (Exalted and Glorified Be He) has ordained that this definite amount of water exist in the earth then be distributed accurately between seas, oceans, rivers and lakes, and after that a certain amount of this water is stored in the rocks of the crust of the earth. Moreover, some of this water is present in the form of huge blocks of ice at the mountaintops or spread smoothly in the form of moisture diffused in the air or within solid matter. In fact, this process is governed by absolute accuracy so as to have a sufficient amount of water required for life on the earth, and to achieve a kind of caloric balance on the surface of the earth from place to place and from season to season. More importantly, if this balanced amount of water were to increase a little, the earth would be completely drowned. For a start, the heat of the sun evaporates the water of the earth in the seas, oceans, rivers, lakes, pools and Swamps.
The process of evaporation extends to include polar ice caps, the water stored under the crust of the earth, the respiration of man, animals and plants, and other water sources, which then rise as steam to the lower layers of the atmosphere (the zone of climate). Thereby the temperature decreases and the atmospheric pressure decreases leading to the condensation of the steam around delicate molecules of air and dust, known as condensational molecules that help the water of the earth return to the earth in the form of rain, hail, ice, fog or dew. Every year, three hundred and eighty thousand cubic kilometers of water evaporate. Most of this (320 cubic kilometers) is from the surface of the seas and oceans while the least of this evaporated water (60 cubic kilometers) is from the surface of the land. This amount of evaporated water returns to the earth in different averages (284 thousand cubic kilometers fall on seas and oceans and 26 thousand cubic kilometers fall on the land) and the difference in the two cases (36 thousand cubic kilometers) flows out from the land into seas and oceans.
Again, it is worthy to highlight the fact that rainfall from the clouds is still a largely unknown process that remains ambiguous in its details for all scientists. This is due to the fact that this process is carried out by means of a number of invisible operations, and in an indirect way. So, a number of assumptions and theories were put forward to break the code of this phenomenon, such as the impact of the motion of the earthly wind, the dust raised by this wind from the surface of the earth, the collision of charges against each other in one cloud and the collision of separate clouds with each other, as well as the impact of the Sun and wind on the atmosphere of the earth in its different layers. Not to mention the Will of the Most Great, the Creator. This is evident in the present hadith.
It is well-known that the amount of water in the clouds is very little. It does not exceed 2% of the water found in the atmosphere of the earth, which does not exceed 036, -96 out of the total amount of water on the earth. The amount of water in the atmosphere of the earth is estimated to be about 15 thousand million cubic kilometers. Water is found in the climate Zone taking the form of very small droplets (a little bigger than a micron). These droplets of water stick to the air because of their viscosity and the intensity of their surface tension. This process is carried out in normal clouds that float in the atmosphere helped by the force of the wind without pouring rain on the earth except after the blending of a hot cloud with a cold one or a cloud with a positive charge with one having a negative charge or by a number of hard particles of dust raised by the wind from the surface of the earth, used to inject the clouds and lead to the condensation of steam within these clouds and the falling of rain by Allah's Will.
The rain usually falls in tiny droplets. Sometimes however, it falls in large drops (the diameter of some drops goes beyond 4- 8 millimeters). These large drops are the result of the condensation of steam around large molecules of dust that grow gradually until they attain this size in succession to the condensation of steam around them.
When all these conditions or some of them are met, they imply that they are predestined and could not have happened at random. It is quite evident that rain stands as a cosmic mystery that cannot be completely decoded by man. However, the greatness of Allah's Might is as clear as daylight especially in the distribution of rain among all parts of the earth's surface by Allah's Will (Glorified and Exalted Be He). This is emphasized in the present hadith and in a number of Qur’anic verses,

{{O mankind Worship your Lord (Allah), Who created you and those who were before you so that you may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious). Who has made the earth a resting place for you, and the sky as a canopy, and sent down water (rain) from the sky and brought forth therewith fruits as a provision for you. Then do not set up rivals unto Allah (in worship) while you know (that He Alone has the right to be worshipped}}.(Al-Baqarah: 21-22)

(And it is He Who sends the winds as heralds of glad tidings, going before His Mercy (rain). Till when they have carried a heavy-laden cloud, We drive it to a land that is dead, then We cause water (rain) to descend thereon. Then We produce every kind of fruit there with. Similarly, We shall raise up the dead, so that you may remember or take heed) (Al-A'râf: 57)

(And We send the winds fertilizing (to fill heavily the clouds with water), then caused the water (rain) to descend from the sky, and We gave it to you to drink, and it is not you who are the owners of its stores (i.e. to give water to whom you like or to withhold it from whom you dislike). (Al-Hijr:22)

It is He Who sends down water (rain) from the sky, and with it We bring forth vegetation of all kinds. (Al-Anâm: 99)

{{Who has made the earth for you like a bed (spread out); and has opened roads for you therein, and has sent down water (rain) from the sky. And We have brought forth with it various kinds of vegetation.}} (Ta-Ha: 53)

{{And We sent down from the sky water (rain) in (due) measure, and We gave it lodging in the earth, and verily, We are Able to take it away.}} (Al-Mu’minûn: 18)

{{And it is He Who sends the winds as heralds of glad tidings, going before His Mercy (rain), and We send down pure water from the sky}} (Al-Furqan: 48)

by:zaghloul el-naggar”